Tech giants including Google, Amazon, Microsoft, and Meta are increasingly relying on nuclear energy to power AI data centers. Rather than waiting for new reactor construction, companies are focusing on uprates, which involve modernizing existing facilities to increase their electrical output.
Google and Constellation Energy announced a 20-year power purchase agreement on October 6, 2026. The deal involves uprates across 11 reactors on the PJM grid, expected to add 890 MW of capacity. The investment exceeds $4.3 billion, with initial power expected by 2028 and full completion in the early 2030s.
Amazon has secured an uprate of approximately 190 MW at the Calvert Cliffs plant in Maryland. Microsoft is pursuing a different strategy by planning to restart the Three Mile Island Unit 1. Google has enabled over 1.5 GW of nuclear capacity, in addition to a separate 15-year supply agreement for 2,700 MW.
Across the technology sector, power purchase agreements with US nuclear reactors now cover approximately 8.5 GW. While deals involving small modular reactors reach 45 GW, these remain largely future-oriented projects. Existing reactor upgrades provide immediate baseload power, which is critical as data center electricity demand is projected to double by 2030.
