The Russian Ministry of Digital Development is drafting new regulations for mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs). Proposed measures include doubling the universal service reserve contribution rate from 2% to 4% and setting a minimum tariff floor of 250 ₽.
Additional proposals involve restricting MVNOs from servicing critical information infrastructure and limiting the use of multiple infrastructure providers within a single region. The ministry currently has no plans to introduce separate licensing for virtual operators.
By the end of 2025, the MVNO market reached over 25.5 million SIM cards, marking a 51% year-over-year growth. Major market players include Yota with a 41% share, SberMobile with 25%, and T-Mobile with 21%.
The ministry notes that banking-affiliated operators often subsidize connectivity costs through broader ecosystem services, allowing for pricing at or below cost. The government aims to balance service affordability with network investment sustainability.
MVNO representatives warn that these restrictions could trigger price hikes and stifle innovation. Conversely, major infrastructure operators like VimpelCom, MegaFon, and MTS support the initiative, citing the need for fair infrastructure funding.
