Green Lightning produces nitrogen fertilizer using electricity and air, but the actual output differs significantly from the company's marketing claims. At a production rate of 100 gallons per day, the machine fixes approximately 161 pounds of nitrogen annually. However, the company claims this output replaces 109,500 pounds of conventional nitrogen per year.

This discrepancy represents a 680-fold difference between the physical nitrogen produced and the claimed replacement value. Experts note that nitrogen atoms cannot be created by improved application techniques. If crop yields remain stable despite lower fertilizer inputs, the nitrogen must originate from existing soil organic matter, manure, or residual fertilizer.

In a 2024 field test conducted by Precision Planting, the Green Lightning system was compared against a conventional UAN program. The Green Lightning treatment yielded 235.9 bushels of corn per acre using 120 gallons per acre, while the conventional program produced 280.7 bushels. The trial also encountered operational issues, including hard water and product consistency.

While Nytro reports more favorable results from other trials and suggests newer equipment may offer higher nitrate concentrations, the need for controlled experiments remains. Researchers emphasize the importance of distinguishing the machine's actual contribution from nitrogen already present in the soil before commercial adoption.